A little more about Ecological Economics
At its most basic, Ecological Economics is economics as if the planet were finite and we have to obey the laws of thermodynamics. Standard economics proceeds on the assumption that we can have economic growth forever, which would be possible only if the planet were infinite or we could make something of value without using resources.
That second path would amount to a violation of the first law of thermodynamics, which tells us that “neither matter nor energy can be created nor destroyed, only transformed”--you can’t make something from nothing and you can’t make nothing from something. Together with the second law (which tells us that we can’t recycle energy), the first law tells us that there are limits to the amount of economic activity a finite planet can sustain. Alone among disciplines with any claim to rigor and empirical validity, economics has completely ignored the science of thermodynamics.
Ecological Economics sees that ignorance as the major source of our civilization’s ecological crisis and seeks to rectify it.